• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an obstacle (1) for a driving training device, comprising a unit which can be moved substantially rectilinearly between a rest position and a working position. According to the invention it is provided that the unit comprises a flexible sheath (3) and a rear part device for returning the sheath (3) to the rest position. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for extending a spontaneously appearing and solid-looking object on a roadway with a driving training device comprising at least one obstacle (1) with a unit having a flexible sheath (3) and between a rest position and a working position is essentially rectilinear procedure. According to the invention it is provided that when approaching a training vehicle to the driving training device, the unit with the flexible sheath (3) automatically brought into the working position and automatically reset when needed in the rest position.
    公开号:AT512158A4
    申请号:T50030/2012
    申请日:2012-02-10
    公开日:2013-06-15
    发明作者:Wolfgang Michelitsch；Wolfgang Ferlitz
    申请人:Wolfgang Michelitsch；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1
    Driving training device
    The invention relates to an obstacle for a driving training device, comprising a substantially linearly movable between a rest position and a working position unit.
    Moreover, the invention relates to a method for extending a spontaneously appearing and massive-acting object on a roadway with a driving training device comprising at least one obstacle with a unit which is autoeist a flexible sheath and is substantially rectilinearly moved between a rest position and a working position.
    From the prior art, various driving training devices have become known which auto-steer obstacles. For example, a device is known in which obstacles are suddenly displayed by water fountains that appear in front of a driver. These devices have the disadvantage that the water fountains provide only an insufficient impression of an obstacle and the driver is not sufficiently prepared for massive obstacles in traffic.
    Furthermore, massive lifting bodies or movable bollards have become known as obstacles, which are preferably used to block roads in urban areas. As a driver training device, however, such devices are not suitable because vehicles would be damaged in contact with the Hubkörpem. In addition, the speeds that are achievable with an extension of such lifting body, usually not suitable for such a purpose.
    The object of the invention is to provide an obstacle of the type mentioned, with which the disadvantages of devices of the prior art are avoided or at least reduced. In particular, with an obstacle according to the invention, the speeds required for driving training devices should be achievable and a collision with a vehicle should not lead to any damage to the vehicle. ΚΜΪ & 2012 2
    Furthermore, a method of the aforementioned type is to be specified, which is suitable for driving training and at least reduces the disadvantages of prior art methods.
    The first object is achieved in that in an obstacle of the type mentioned, the unit comprises a flexible shell and a return device for returning the shell in the rest position.
    Because the unit has a flexible shell, no damage will occur if the vehicle collides with the obstacle on the vehicle. Furthermore, the obstacle with the flexible shell can be moved much faster than a rigid obstacle. In addition, it is possible with the Rückstelieinrichtung to quickly bring the obstacle back to the rest position, so that collisions can be avoided in most cases. For example, it is possible to achieve substantially higher speeds when moving from the working position into the rest position in relation to obstacles which are moved into the rest position merely by means of a weight force. This allows the obstacle to remain longer in the working position and give an impression closer to reality than in prior art devices.
    It may preferably be provided that the unit is actuated pneumatically. Thus, the flexible or elastic sheath can be additionally inflated, for example in the working position, whereby the impression of a solid body is reinforced. Also, an obstacle, which essentially consists of an elastic body, can be realized particularly easily, so that a risk of causing damage to the vehicle is further reduced. Also, a collision of the vehicle with the obstacle in such a training to no major damage to the obstacle itself. Of course, however, alternative types of drive, such as the movement by means of a rack, a linear motor or a rope with which the obstacle is pulled up, also possible ,
    Preferably, a guide is provided which comprises a sliding cylinder and a sliding part. As a result, the unit, which is preferably mounted movably on the guide in the vertical direction, can be moved along a predefined path between the rest position and the working position. The sliding cylinder can be used as a commercially available pipe
    3 be designed to minimize costs. If the sliding cylinder is designed in such a way, the movement from the rest position into the working position preferably runs along a tube axis, while in all other directions no relative movement is possible. In this case, the sliding cylinder is preferably firmly anchored below the roadway and the unit is extended during operation along the sliding cylinder, so that only the flexible shell protrudes above the roadway. The slider is connected to the unit and allows a particularly well-managed moving between rest position and working position. A rotation of the sliding cylinder about its axis is of course possible.
    It is advantageous that the guide is formed at a head end and at a bottom end with stops for the unit. As a result, the rest position and the working position can be defined particularly simply by the fact that the unit, which is connected to the slider, rests against a lower stop via the slider in the working position and at a lower stop in the rest position. In addition, high acceleration forces can thereby also be achieved be recorded so that high speeds of the obstacle can be realized.
    It has been proven that the shell is slidably mounted on the slide on the sliding cylinder. Since the unit is better guided during the movement between rest position and working position and flap movements are essentially avoided, the impression of a rigid body arises. This gives the driver an improved impression of a solid body.
    Appropriately, it is provided that the Rückstelieinrichtung is connected to the sliding cylinder and the unit. Since the sliding cylinder is preferably arranged fixed relative to the roadway in operation, can be achieved by such an arrangement particularly simple restoring force, which is dependent on a deflection of the unit from the rest position. As a result, a rapid retraction of the obstacle can be ensured.
    The restoring device is preferably designed as a spring. Although other restoring devices such as linear motors or magnetic devices are possible; at
    4 a spring is given a function even in case of failure of a power supply. The spring may be mounted between the mentioned attacks.
    It may also preferably be provided that the return device is designed as a pneumatic actuator, in particular as a pneumatic cylinder. Such actuators have the advantage of low maintenance intensity and can achieve high speeds. It is particularly advantageous to use a pneumatic actuator, although the obstacle is pneumatically operated, since then a required compressed air can be used both for moving the obstacle from the rest position to the working position and from the working position to the rest position.
    It can also be provided that the sheath consists of a fabric, in particular a fabric hose. On the one hand, a fabric is robust and resistant, so that a collision with a vehicle does not cause any major damage to the vehicle or the shell. On the other hand, commercial hoses can be used particularly easily as part of the obstacle. Since such hoses are also available in an airtight design, such a hose can be used particularly advantageously in a pneumatically operated obstacle.
    It may also be preferable for at least one sealing element fastened to the sliding cylinder or sliding part to be provided. In particular, in a drive of the obstacle, which is based on pneumatics or hydraulics, thereby occurring between the sliding cylinder and sliding leakage can be avoided or at least minimized.
    It is advantageous that the sliding cylinder is arranged fixed and hollow, wherein the unit is mounted with the shell in one direction movable on the sliding cylinder, so that compressed air can be supplied into the shell by the hollow sliding cylinder. In this case, the unit preferably has a fabric tube as a shell, which is closed at an upper side and is connected at a lower side with the sliding ring, which is guided on the sliding cylinder. It can also be provided that the unit is formed only from the restoring device and the fabric hose closed at one end, which is fixedly connected to the sliding part and the restoring device. The unit is preferably connected via a spring as a restoring device with the sliding cylinder.
    To extend the obstacle compressed air, preferably at 1 to 2 bar pressure, 5 passed through an inlet valve and the hollow sliding cylinder, which is preferably designed as a metal tube. The unit with the shell is thereby moved along the sliding cylinder from the rest position to the working position, where the unit abuts the upper stop. To return the unit to the rest position, an outlet valve is opened, allowing the compressed air to escape. Inlet and outlet valves are preferably designed to be magnetically operated. The restoring force of the spring then causes a rapid return movement of the unit in the rest position where it rests against the lower stop. Alternatively, the unit may be formed as a bellows, so that no guide means is required and the unit increases a volume in which compressed air can be stored, upon movement from the rest position to the working position.
    It is preferably provided that a length of the sheath does not exceed a length of the sliding cylinder by more than 20%. This can be saved on the one material costs. On the other hand, such an obstacle can be realized with little space.
    To prepare drivers for abruptly emerging obstacles with a driving training device with an obstacle, it is advantageous to design the obstacle according to the invention. As a result, the correct behavior can be practiced in the event of sudden obstacles, with a collision with the obstacle also resulting in no damage to the vehicle. Particularly preferably, the obstacles are positioned vertically in a ground below the roadway and are moved substantially vertically from the rest position to the working position. The unit of the obstacle is in the rest position, this is preferably completely submerged in the ground and closes at an upper end with the road so that in the roadway neither an obstacle nor a depression is recognizable.
    If a pneumatically operated obstacle is used, it has been proven that the driving training device has a plurality of obstacles and a compressed air reservoir, wherein in the compressed air reservoir, an amount of air can be stored with all obstacles of the driver training device are simultaneously actuated. As a result, a particularly simple training of the driver training device is possible. Already with a few components, in particular the compressed air reservoir, optionally compressors for providing the compressed air, valves, preferably solenoid valves, and the obstacles can the 6
    Driver training device to be ready. If also pneumatic actuators are used as restoring devices, the compressed air reservoir can also be used to actuate the restoring device. It is expediently provided that the driving training device has obstacles arranged in one or more rows. As a result, realistic situations can be displayed particularly easily.
    It is particularly preferably provided that a control unit and at least one solenoid valve are provided, with which the at least one obstacle can be actuated, the control unit being in operative connection with the at least one solenoid valve.
    The second object is achieved in that in a method of the type mentioned in an approximation of a training vehicle to the driving training device, the unit with the flexible sheath automatically in the
    Working position is brought back and automatically when needed in the rest position.
    With such a method, the correct behavior can be practiced with fast emerging obstacles that seem massive. The resetting device avoids a collision even if the driver does not react in time and the unit does not get out of the way. If the reset device can not be retracted in time or fails, there is no risk for damage to the vehicle, since the unit is formed with a flexible shell which does not cause major damage to the vehicle due to compliance. Even on the shell, little or no damage occurs.
    Preferably, it may also be that an approach of a training vehicle is monitored by a control by means of sensors and by the control, in the case of a no longer avoidable by a driver collision, the obstacles, eg. B. in 30 less than a second, are moved to the rest position. As a result, driving training can be carried out fully automatically and personnel costs can be saved. Preferably, a speed of the training vehicle is also measured in order to estimate a collision time and the obstacle in time, but not too early, in the 7
    To move to rest position. The short time in which the obstacle is retracted, real-life situations can be presented very well.
    It is advantageous that in order to simulate an object crossing a roadway, a plurality of obstacles of a driving training device are activated and deactivated in a time-shifted manner by the control such that the impression of an object crossing the roadway is generated. Thus, the correct behavior in the road crossing people can be well practiced. For this purpose, different, preferably positioned in a row, pneumatically actuated obstacles are activated by means of solenoid valves and shortly afterwards moved back to the rest position.
    It is advantageous that different degrees of difficulty for a driver's training are provided by the scheme. In this case, for example, both the speed at which the obstacles are moved from the rest position to the working position, as well as the number of simultaneously appearing obstacles can be varied.
    Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the embodiment illustrated below. In the drawings, to which reference is made, show:
    Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an obstacle according to the invention;
    2 shows a further schematic illustration of an obstacle according to the invention;
    3 shows a detail of an obstacle according to the invention in side view;
    4 shows a detail of an obstacle according to the invention in front view;
    5 shows a driving training device in side view;
    Fig. 6 is another view of a driving training device according to the invention.
    Fig. 1 shows an inventive obstacle 1, wherein the obstacle shown in the embodiment 1 is designed as a pneumatically activated obstacle 1. In Fig. 1, a required for activating the obstacle 1 pneumatic hose is shown. In Fig. 1 is a movable unit with a flexible shell 3, z. B. a fabric hose, in a rest position, wherein the unit rests against a lower stop 7. Fig. 2 shows an obstacle 1 according to the invention, wherein the unit is shown with 8 of the shell 3 in a working position which is vertically above the rest position. It is also a sliding cylinder 5, which together with a sliding member 6 forms a guide on which the unit is moved from the rest position to the working position, can be seen. To move the unit from the rest position in the working position, 5 compressed air via the pneumatic hose and a feed valve 11, which is preferably designed as a solenoid valve, 5 is passed from a compressed air reservoir into the hollow sliding cylinder 5, where this at an upper end of the sliding cylinder 5 exit and enter the unit. An overpressure in the unit or in the fabric hose when the obstacle 1 is extended is preferably about 1 to 2 bar. The unit, which has a fabric hose connected to an upper end as a flexible sheath 3, is moved along the sliding cylinder 5 from the rest position to the working position by a force acting on the basis of the compressed air in the fabric hose. This movement, which is essentially rectilinear and vertical, brings the unit into the working position until the unit rests against an upper stop 8. Since the flexible envelope 3, which is designed as a fabric tube, is connected to the sliding part 6, which terminates substantially airtight with respect to the sliding cylinder 5, it can be provided that the fabric tube inflates in the working position, giving an impression of a particularly massive obstacle 1. In the interior of the fabric tube, a resetting device 4 designed as a spring is compressed upon movement 20 of the unit from the rest position to the working position, so that a restoring force acts in the direction of the rest position on the unit and the fabric tube. As long as the compressed air pressure is applied in the fabric tube, the spring remains compressed and the unit in the working position. There is further provided a preferably magnetically actuated drain valve 12, with which a pressure within the 25 sliding cylinder 5 and the volume, which is located from the working position
    Fabric hose is formed, can be drained. If this valve is opened, the pressure in the fabric tube and in the sliding cylinder 5 drops and the restoring force, which acts on the unit by the spring, causes the unit to return rapidly to the rest position, where it rests against the lower stop 7 again. 30
    Fig. 3 shows the obstacle 1 of FIG. 1, wherein the closed at an upper end and connected to the unit fabric hose is not shown is the sliding cylinder 5 with the return device 4, which is designed as a spring, and the Gleitfteii 6, the with the fabric tube, which forms the flexible sheath 3 θ in the exemplary embodiment, is sealingly connected. For this purpose, a sealing element 9 is preferably arranged between the sliding part 6 and the sliding cylinder 5. FIG. 4 likewise shows an obstacle 1 according to the invention according to FIG. 3 in a representation rotated by 90 ° with respect to FIG. 3. In Fig. 4 are also the two openings 13,13 ', in which the compressed air in the 5 sliding cylinder 5 on or can emerge, shown. An opening 13 is connected via the supply valve 11 to the compressed air reservoir 10, while the second opening 13 'is connected via the discharge valve 12 with a relaxation space or the environment where the air can escape to return the obstacle 1 in the rest position. 10
    Fig. 5 shows a arranged below a roadway driving training device 2 with an obstacle 1 according to the invention, wherein a compressed air reservoir 10 is shown schematically, in which an amount of air can be stored, with all indicated only by springs obstacles 1 with the driver training device from the rest position in the 15 working position are movable. FIG. 6 shows the driving training device 2 from FIG. 5 in a side view. In this illustration, it can be seen that six obstacles 1 are provided for the driving training device 2, which are controlled from the compressed air reservoir 10 via solenoid valves. The solenoid valves are controlled by a not dargesteliten control which includes a computer-aided control 20 and sensors with which a distance of a training vehicle to the individual obstacles 1 and a speed of the training vehicle can be measured to the obstacles 1 depending on the distance of the training vehicle and To enable or disable the speed of the same. Activation is to be understood as a movement of the unit with the shell 3 from the rest position into the working position 25 and a subsequent holding in this position, while during the
    Deactivating an obstacle 1, the unit with the sheath 3 is moved from the working position to the rest position.
    In operation, a driver participating in a driving technique training is instructed to drive a training vehicle toward the obstacles 1. The distance of the training vehicle from the obstacles 1 is measured by the sensors. This can be done for example with inductive, optical or capacitive sensors. As soon as the training vehicle falls below a predefined distance to the driving training device 2, at least one obstacle 1 is activated by opening the feed valve 11 between the compressed air reservoir 10 and the obstacle 1 so that compressed air is applied to the obstacle 1 and the unit of the obstacle 1 with the fabric tube, which forms the shell 3 is moved from the rest position to the working position. Depending on the freely selectable operating mode, several or only one single obstacle 1 can be moved from the rest position to the working position. Alternatively, it is also possible to sequentially activate or deactivate individual obstacles 1 in order to represent moving obstacles 1. Unless the driver reacts in time and the distance between the training vehicle and the obstacle 1 decreases below a predetermined value, a second solenoid valve on the obstacle 1 is opened, 10 so that the compressed air can escape from the obstacle 1 and the unit from the restoring device 4 from the working position is moved back to the rest position quickly. This can be done in less than a second, so that a collision of the training vehicle with the obstacle 1 can be avoided. The distance from which the obstacle 1 is moved back to the rest position can also be dependent on the speed of the training vehicle, so that at high speeds, the obstacle 1 is moved back into the rest position as soon as it falls below a greater distance. At the same time, the solenoid valve, which connects the pressure accumulator 10 with the obstacle 1, closed, so that the compressed air of the compressed air reservoir 10 does not escape into the environment. A variety of speeds of the retractable and retractable obstacles 1 can be realized via a 20 programming of the control, whereby a degree of difficulty of the driving training can be changed arbitrarily. About the flexible shell 3 of the obstacle 1 damage to the vehicle is avoided even if it comes to an error and the obstacles 1 can be deactivated before a collision.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    1. Obstacle (1) for a driving training device (2) comprising a substantially linearly movable between a rest position and a working position unit, 5, characterized in that the unit is a flexible sheath (3) and a return device (4) for return the sheath (3) in the rest position comprises.
    [2]
    2. obstacle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit is pneumatically actuated. 10
    [3]
    3. obstacle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a guide is provided, which comprises a sliding cylinder (5) and a sliding part (6).
    [4]
    4. obstacle (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the guide is formed at 15 a head-side end and at a bottom end with stops for the unit.
    [5]
    5. obstacle (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the sheath (3) via the sliding part (6) on the sliding cylinder (5) is displaceably mounted. 20
    [6]
    6. obstacle (1) according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the restoring device (4) with the sliding cylinder (5) and the unit is connected.
    [7]
    7. obstacle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the restoring device 25 (25) is designed as a spring.
    [8]
    8. obstacle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the restoring device (4) as a pneumatic actuator, in particular as a pneumatic cylinder is formed. 30
    [9]
    9. obstacle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the sheath (3) consists of a fabric, in particular a fabric tube consists. 12
    [10]
    10. obstacle (1) according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that at least one of the sliding cylinder (5) or sliding member (6) fixed sealing element (9) is provided.
    [11]
    11. obstacle (1) according to one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the sliding cylinder (5) is arranged fixed and hollow, wherein the unit with the shell (3) in a direction movable on the sliding cylinder (5) is mounted in that compressed air can be fed into the casing (3) through the hollow sliding cylinder (5).
    [12]
    12. obstacle (1) according to one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that a length of the sheath (3) exceeds a length of the sliding cylinder (5) by not more than 20%.
    [13]
    13. driving training device (2) with an obstacle (1), characterized in that the obstacle (1) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 12
    [14]
    14. driving training device (2) according to claim 13, wherein the unit is pneumatically actuated, characterized in that the driving training device (2) a plurality of obstacles (1) and a compressed air reservoir (10), wherein in the compressed air reservoir (10) an amount of air can be stored, with which all obstacles (1) of the driving training device (2) are simultaneously actuated.
    [15]
    15. Driving training device (2) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that this arranged in one or more rows of obstacles (1).
    [16]
    16, driving training device (2) according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that a control unit and at least one solenoid valve are provided, with which the at least one obstacle (1) is actuated, wherein the control unit is in operative connection with the at least one solenoid valve ,
    [17]
    17. A method for extending a spontaneously appearing and solid-looking object on a roadway with a driving training device (2) comprising at least one obstacle (1) with a unit having a flexible sheath (3) and between a rest position and a working position in Substantially rectilinear 13 is method, characterized in that when approaching a training vehicle to the driving training device (2), the unit with the flexible sheath (3) automatically brought into the working position and automatically reset when needed in the rest position. 5
    [18]
    18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that an approach of a training vehicle is monitored by a control by means of sensors and by the control, in the event of a collision no longer avoidable by a driver, the obstacles (1) are moved to the rest position. 10
    [19]
    19. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that for simulating an object crossing a roadway, a plurality of obstacles (1) of a driving training device (2) are activated and deactivated in a time-shifted manner by the control such that the impression of an object 15 crossing the roadway is produced.
    [20]
    20. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that are provided by the regulation differently selectable difficulty levels for a driver training.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2626469A3|2015-05-27|
    EP2626469A2|2013-08-14|
    EP2626469B1|2016-08-31|
    AT512158B1|2013-06-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE2632313A1|1976-07-17|1978-01-19|Albert Gambon|SYSTEM FOR PRACTICING THE RESPONSE AND DRIVING BEHAVIOR OF A DRIVER IN AN EMERGENCY SITUATION|
    GB2282838A|1993-10-12|1995-04-19|J & R Hill|Retractable traffic control barrier|
    FR2865844A1|2004-01-30|2005-08-05|Jean Pierre Beltoise|Driving teaching device for motor vehicle e.g. truck, has flexible tube rolled up in one position and unrolled in another position when air is insufflated, and valves for input and output of fluid under pressure via open end of tube|DE102017121974B3|2017-09-22|2018-10-11|Reinhard Fuchs|Device and method for simulating traffic obstructions|DE2219205A1|1971-04-26|1973-10-25|Georg Dipl Kfm Wiegner|JUMPING OBSTACLE|NL2012751B1|2014-05-02|2016-02-23|Grijsen Project B V|Playground device to be included in a bottom.|
    DE202018002950U1|2018-06-22|2018-09-10|GdS-Engineering GmbH & Co. KG|Dry obstacles for driving safety centers|
    法律状态:
    2017-10-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20170210 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50030/2012A|AT512158B1|2012-02-10|2012-02-10|DRIVER TRAINING DEVICE|ATA50030/2012A| AT512158B1|2012-02-10|2012-02-10|DRIVER TRAINING DEVICE|
    EP13152635.2A| EP2626469B1|2012-02-10|2013-01-25|Driver training device|
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